https://www.934fst.com/934fst daily 1.0 2023-08-19 https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/t/64e0d9ae4bcf62605068bd80/1550371510332/ Combat Surgery in Iraq 2003 https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c300074f950b7a898f63dd9/5c68cab6f4e1fcbaed7e4e13/1550371510332/ Combat Surgery in Iraq 2003 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1692456674108-GUWDXS83QQFKRZKFD4P1/431-041+copy.jpg Combat Surgery in Iraq 2003 https://www.934fst.com/hearts-and-minds daily 0.75 2023-08-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431488025-JYT4CYS4H5H6UKX28MJE/war-photography-OEF-64-073.jpg Hearts and Minds The 934th FST left Balad air base to make a “house call” at a farm with an extended family. The purpose of the visit was to check a young man (on the right) for a shrapnel wound he suffered when Coalition jets bombed a MiG parked in the front yard. The wound was minor but this gave the FST an opportunity to check all of the family members for illnesses or injuries. The FST made several similar house calls in the area around Tikrit later in the tour. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431488025-JYT4CYS4H5H6UKX28MJE/war-photography-OEF-64-073.jpg Hearts and Minds The 934th FST left Balad air base to make a “house call” at a farm with an extended family. The purpose of the visit was to check a young man (on the right) for a shrapnel wound he suffered when Coalition jets bombed a MiG parked in the front yard. The wound was minor but this gave the FST an opportunity to check all of the family members for illnesses or injuries. The FST made several similar house calls in the area around Tikrit later in the tour. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431671528-8M2QBEG5DGZFCSZ3Q3K0/war-photography-431-029.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431732305-DNZ9JVUNQG3CYXCKVTQC/war-photography-431-030.jpg Hearts and Minds EOD had found unexploded ordnance near the farmhouse and accompanied the FST in order to detonate it. This young boy, afflicted with cerebral palsy, was traumatized by the sound of the explosions and tried to plug his ears. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431764807-NM56LE0VEP6A3UZ8VPLA/war-photography-431-031.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431855678-R69AWS50T7JRF7A7SVYX/war-photography-431-045.jpg Hearts and Minds Siblings afflicted with cerebral palsy. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c3000104fa51ae3f524c067/5c69b632eb39312979d6d30d/1691940814298/war-photography-431-044.jpg Hearts and Minds Major Tom Joseph, a physiatrist, examines the children with cerebral palsy while the parents and Major Hal Walker look on. Upon returning to Balad air base, Dr. Joseph scavenged enough parts to construct wheelchairs for both children which the team delivered a few weeks later. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431891699-ZP8HPTRK9KOGPNPWJKZ4/war-photography-431-047.jpg Hearts and Minds Major Hal Walker befriends a young boy with cerebral palsy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431926586-1JX865J8YQ8FDI8BHN9O/war-photography-431-061.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550452595677-RVQATG75UQF33C40F3S1/war-photography-431-042-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds A man presents his niece to Major Tom Kelly to evaluate her rash and fever. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431959169-6EAPPJ6DR2NAEIOT6XTR/war-photography-431-069.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433262964-XUFEK5PLKTLL99H0VISB/war-photography-OEF-64-154.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550452707322-BCOGWMULS28P4372JKAD/war-photography-OEF-64-145-Edit-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds - Cousins This family provided a warm welcome for the 934th. Photo was made while ordnance was being detonated by EOD, causing loud explosions. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433194502-0IZKNFXW7MRC38AV5KYQ/war-photography-OEF-64-132.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433046724-E4JVRW2OE2SEJXC8HCRQ/war-photography-OEF-64-125-Edit-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433092832-8TAS9UQG46LM4RV7711G/war-photography-OEF-64-127-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433121478-BXSL7S9DCCGS466IL0VL/war-photography-OEF-64-128.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433165379-3WOXNT5OQBHRCOZBJWK9/war-photography-OEF-64-130-Edit-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433226706-4Q72VVQCW2GQE0P1QE1H/war-photography-OEF-64-150-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds - Patriarch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550433017826-ZVTZ1CZ3TKM2NC3FYH5Z/war-photography-OEF-64-106.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550434744271-57CWY7FRNAVUF1TABSBP/war-photography-OEF-78-018-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds The 934th Forward Surgical Team made several humanitarian trips to private homes to make health and welfare assessments. Children surround Sergeant Justin Gibb. (Photograph by Jeff Moline.) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550431991571-JXY2KHFVBJL4ND8NJ25Y/war-photography-431-070.jpg Hearts and Minds https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550432034590-7L3M2O700QLSS9AZ4ECJ/war-photography-OEF-64-097-Edit-Edit.jpg Hearts and Minds https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c3000104fa51ae3f524c067/5c6a077071c10bf89974df21/1550452592241/ Hearts and Minds https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c3000104fa51ae3f524c067/5c6a07e0652deadf25d3b7fd/1550452704867/ Hearts and Minds https://www.934fst.com/field-surgery daily 0.75 2023-10-31 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642886907489-QI0DT1PQS6B75YE8GTT9/war-photography-431-059.jpg Field Surgery Lieutenant Beaulieu and Sergeant Huy Nguyen begin to assemble resuscitation gear for the recovery section of the surgical tent. The team could erect the tent, unpack the equipment and be able to take casualties within one hour of arrival at a new site. Camp Spartan, near An Najef, Iraq. March 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642886907489-QI0DT1PQS6B75YE8GTT9/war-photography-431-059.jpg Field Surgery Lieutenant Beaulieu and Sergeant Huy Nguyen begin to assemble resuscitation gear for the recovery section of the surgical tent. The team could erect the tent, unpack the equipment and be able to take casualties within one hour of arrival at a new site. Camp Spartan, near An Najef, Iraq. March 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550424523086-KOU4E986ALISWRQNF80S/war-photography-431-059.jpg Field Surgery The 934th Forward Surgical Team (FST) frequently packed, unpacked and inventoried. This is the first inventory upon reaching Kuwait. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642881313492-7CNOY1URM0MTX2DFJ4A1/war-photography-431-034.jpg Field Surgery Lieutenant Beaulieu and Sergeant Huy Nguyen begin to assemble resuscitation gear for the recovery section of the surgical tent. The team could erect the tent, unpack the equipment and be able to take casualties within one hour of arrival at a new site. Camp Spartan, near An Najef, Iraq. March 2003. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550424838874-LYNSGV29TWEYFWB2R641/war-photography-431-038.jpg Field Surgery Captain Charlotte Lee, a pediatrician, resuscitates an injured Republican Guard soldier, preparing him for surgery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550425578300-179KR928Q0NEDBZDT1U5/war-photography-431-060.jpg Field Surgery Surgery on a wounded Iraqi Republican Guard soldier inside the general purpose surgical tent of the 934th Forward Surgical Team, in the western desert of Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550425423506-JC6B0JC756XJQDS2HIWQ/war-photography-431-048.jpg Field Surgery A U.S. Army Special Forces medic assists Major Robert Bass during an abdominal operation on an injured Iraqi soldier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550424758620-TUBBMNJCI578PKY84GJ6/war-photography-431-035.jpg Field Surgery Lieutenant Colonel Robert Borrego operates on a U.S. soldier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1692456674108-GUWDXS83QQFKRZKFD4P1/war-photography-431-041.jpg Field Surgery Captain Bryan Moore attends a wounded civilian after abdominal surgery, encouraging her to breathe deeply. She had been shot through the belly with an AK-47 round that did not injure the fetus growing in her gravid uterus. After her recovery she was evacuated to a higher echelon of care. The fates of her and the baby were unknown to the surgical team. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642881325937-WY43J8K5PH75L24V1BPZ/war-photography-431-043-Edit.jpg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642881324803-JX7H494SU73VWBUSDQ3M/war-photography-431-039-Edit.jpg Field Surgery Army Specialist Travis Ahrens between cases in the surgical tent, western Iraq desert. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550424947976-YP3AKTMVIG1V6ESQZUEF/war-photography-431-040.jpg Field Surgery Major Robert Bass, a general surgeon with the 934th Forward Surgical Team, relaxes between surgeries. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550425664075-62O5GTFXTOH0YI963OV1/war-photography-431-063.jpg Field Surgery Sergeant Huy Nguyen, a recovery nurse, takes a break outside the surgical tent, western desert of Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550425309491-FV7QV23FI9UI6UUK83CA/war-photography-431-046.jpg Field Surgery Specialist James Bonneson relaxes by lifting weights thrown together from flywheels and rods found in an abandoned factory near Karbala, Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550424807153-A6GSC9OXW97CS60LCXPT/war-photography-431-036.jpg Field Surgery This itinerant Army chaplain and his driver drove around the western desert looking for camps where he would provide multidenominational worship services. The 934th FST surgical tent is far back on the left, behind the tent with the red cross. The large general purpose tent on the right is a large recovery tent where wounded enemy prisoners of war (EPW) were kept. Beyond that is the landing zone for medevac helicopters. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550426987570-8T8P9KNZT7P741N1K37B/war-photography-OEF-69-059-Edit-Edit.jpg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550427084104-T6Q63HIAQF709924HAHW/war-photography-OEF-69-066-Edit.jpg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550427950575-WHE6KZKYVO3ABR8Y54EF/war-photography-OEF-33-036-Edit.jpg Field Surgery A medevac helicopter circles the 934th Forward Surgical Team camp in the western desert of Iraq, searching for the landing zone. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550428038651-7E5KIDLVJFREF8VVO0X0/war-photography-OEF-33-039-Edit.jpg Field Surgery Landing zone is east of the surgical tent. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550428096152-6B6O6JG51AC82ZNMHDSG/war-photography-OEF-33-040-Edit.jpg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/8b3fd41c-6cd9-4e00-ac30-e3a7b6ba2eb6/image-asset.jpeg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550426649519-QLX6HRLPAV98FRC0Z6BH/war-photography-OEF-47-011.jpg Field Surgery Lieutenant Colonel Robert Borrego supervises Lieutenant Kelly Giraud as she places a chest tube into a wounded Iraqi soldier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550426327877-PSFHH4O67NROCCPOME58/war-photography-OEF-44-049.jpg Field Surgery Majors Robert Bass and Richard Florio use a giggle saw to amputate a leg in a makeshift operating theatre near Karbala, Iraq, with Sergeant Christopher Brockert assisting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550428862535-MRXGC49DO9U7D3WGOMKC/war-photography-OEF-50-021-Edit.jpg Field Surgery This Iraqi soldier was brought to the 934th FST in extreme shock with less than one fifth of his normal blood volume remaining. A rapid amputation and simultaneous abdominal exploration was performed by two teams of surgeons while soldiers of the unit, including the commander, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Monson, laid down to do direct transfusions into the wounded soldier. As a result he stabilized and survived. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1692456674108-GUWDXS83QQFKRZKFD4P1/image-asset.jpeg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1698791678339-UCW9PMXRT9FZTPRYIHEF/image-asset.jpeg Field Surgery A young boy, wounded when his brother pulled the pin on a grenade, waits for surgical debridement of minor injuries. Camp Dogwood near Karbala, Iraq. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1698791887025-MW9WNGBNP8CT8BIMZY84/image-asset.jpeg Field Surgery A young boy, wounded when his brother pulled the pin on a grenade, waits for surgical debridement of minor injuries. Camp Dogwood near Karbala, Iraq. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1698792015292-AW7BXCSVPHHOX0RGWY1X/image-asset.jpeg Field Surgery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/50c2a92a-9510-4143-982e-ca30c708c33f/war-photography-431-032-Edit-2.jpg Field Surgery A young boy, wounded when his brother pulled the pin on a grenade, waits for surgical debridement of minor injuries. Camp Dogwood near Karbala, Iraq. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/8ad8482a-fda7-4b9f-84cd-88afdebd9232/war-photography-OEF-46-007.jpg Field Surgery Three brothers watch an animated feature on a U.S. Army soldier's laptop while recovering from injuries. Camp Dogwood near Karbala, Iraq. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/06a70ded-3a54-4baa-b399-f89ee417a867/war-photography-OEF-44-054.jpg Field Surgery Sergeant Christopher Jensen resuscitates a young boy who detonated a grenade near Baghdad, Iraq, May 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/bad063c4-f3a1-4a44-825d-5bdc97eaa0e4/war-photography-OEF-47-019.jpg Field Surgery A father comforts his son after surgery for wounds sustained by a grenade detonated by his brother near Baghdad, Iraq, May 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/0e1221ca-2441-4d18-aea2-198f93d33292/war-photography-OEF-41-025-Edit.jpg Field Surgery This Special Republican Guard soldier demonstrated a "raccoon sign," which is indicative of a fracture of the base of the skull, which has a low survivability. Camp Dogwood near Karbala, Iraq, April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/76281ea4-5950-43d1-9caa-41f3f2d6f938/war-photography-OEF-47-002.jpg Field Surgery A wounded Iraqi Republican Guard soldier is prepped for surgery south of Baghdad. His body bears the scars of prior injury, reminiscent of flagellation. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1642881329456-13XL4JP065NPH5GJOADS/war-photography-OEF-50-002.jpg Field Surgery Like the Shroud of Turin, this blood-soaked stretcher betrays the fate of the last person to lay upon it. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/8b3fd41c-6cd9-4e00-ac30-e3a7b6ba2eb6/war-photography-OEF-41-006-Edit.jpg Field Surgery One of several truck loads of wounded personnel, mostly Iraq soldiers, arrives at Camp Dogwood neark Karbala, Iraq. April 2003. US Army 934th Forward Surgical Team. ©2022 Timothy Floyd https://www.934fst.com/mek daily 0.75 2019-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550435381671-P41YALQOBQ5L98FGW7J9/war-photography-OEF-62-040-Edit-Edit.jpg People's Mujahedin of Iran - Camp Ashraf - MEK Compound In late April, 2003, the 934th FST was tasked by U.S. Special Operations to assess and treat wounded members of the People’s Mujahedin of Iran, MEK, a guerrilla group on the U.S. State Department list of terrorist organizations. The MEK carries out bombings and assassinations within Iran and worldwide. They broke a ceasefire agreement with the U.S. and as a consequence several were injured in U.S. airstrikes. Although they had a small hospital they lacked the facilities to treat their wounded. A small element of the 934th made a total of 5 trips to Camp Ashraf over a 6-week period to treat the wounded, but it was apparent that many of the injuries were suffered by ongoing cross-border skirmishes within Iran and not by U.S. airstrikes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550435381671-P41YALQOBQ5L98FGW7J9/war-photography-OEF-62-040-Edit-Edit.jpg People's Mujahedin of Iran - Camp Ashraf - MEK Compound In late April, 2003, the 934th FST was tasked by U.S. Special Operations to assess and treat wounded members of the People’s Mujahedin of Iran, MEK, a guerrilla group on the U.S. State Department list of terrorist organizations. The MEK carries out bombings and assassinations within Iran and worldwide. They broke a ceasefire agreement with the U.S. and as a consequence several were injured in U.S. airstrikes. Although they had a small hospital they lacked the facilities to treat their wounded. A small element of the 934th made a total of 5 trips to Camp Ashraf over a 6-week period to treat the wounded, but it was apparent that many of the injuries were suffered by ongoing cross-border skirmishes within Iran and not by U.S. airstrikes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550438547298-RECS12B9WA06UTRNADMI/war-photography-OEF-62-079-Edit.jpg People's Mujahedin of Iran The men’s hospital at Camp Ashraf. Men and women were kept in separate facilities. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c2ffb6c8a922d5822850a93/5c69d0d8c83025d4db3a3f61/1550438616271/ People's Mujahedin of Iran https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550438620132-UJ5JM10JVL87UIN1QDL7/war-photography-OEF-62-082-Edit.jpg People's Mujahedin of Iran https://www.934fst.com/invasion daily 0.75 2022-01-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550452950973-3Q2T20NEL1PLNSCHWQVM/war-photography-OEF-56-006-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion One small step for a soldier, one giant leap into only God knows what. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550452950973-3Q2T20NEL1PLNSCHWQVM/war-photography-OEF-56-006-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion One small step for a soldier, one giant leap into only God knows what. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550383268368-O3J8FITW9WRCTX2GMMGT/war-photography-OEF-30-112.jpg Invasion - Hungry Bedouins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550383406948-2TYBVYSEKTL8HOCI8CGE/war-photography-OEF-30-129.jpg Invasion - Bedouins Asking for Water Passing U. S. Army convoys threw bottles of water to hungry and thirsty Bedouins in the western desert of Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384355436-P3JLYEBGENJVVNP89HS4/war-photography-OEF-32-002.jpg Invasion - Feral Dog Feral dogs, which tried to befriend Coalition soldiers, were common in Iraq during the 2003 invasion. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417160895-I4MB8O674ZIGU6NZI0EV/war-photography-OEF-62-010.jpg Invasion - Untitled In the Diyala province. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417299218-IT9JR0KEOG1NVDJLM3AA/war-photography-OEF-62-017-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Crossing the Tigris Men cross the Tigris River. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417509069-WN16PX2GZGC1DA6PLUR7/war-photography-OEF-62-018-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Young boys react to a group of American soldiers in the Diyala province. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417617261-0U3EFY8YY45AEOTODNO6/war-photography-OEF-62-021-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled A group of women near Aziz Balad Street in the Diyala Province. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417804103-TO4SHV3OKX49L0K7V1QR/war-photography-OEF-62-024-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Women gather fire wood in the rural region of the Diyala Province. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417983353-32P6BZ53Y66199TLT56N/war-photography-OEF-62-091-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Goat Herders https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418113421-24DYSMMRZXQ9P53EX9PN/war-photography-OEF-62-100-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Football A pickup game of football in a field in the Diyala Province. Despite the recent invasion by Coalition Forces, or perhaps because of it, people continued to work, play and celebrate. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418203955-SUI3FGE3UEYO4AAN4WEK/war-photography-OEF-62-106-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Herding Goats A goat herder drives his goats along the shoulder of Aziz Balad Street in the Diyala Province of Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418273127-58YH1IV1TS2TXNHLGGNC/war-photography-OEF-62-109-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Women gather and carry fire wood, Diyala Province. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550420768201-NJ5KCJZQZVOG4G05P1HL/war-photography-OEF-65-017-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418338998-HH14HKE7HRVXCB2X240V/war-photography-OEF-62-113-Edit-2-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453265702-2BODDA8W7K9RERSY0SBH/war-photography-OEF-58-038-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion A guard house for one of Saddam’s Baghdad palaces. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453311060-MOGSBI5JR66Y4BCGIJIQ/war-photography-OEF-58-055-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion Men have a heated discussion outside of a shopin the Habna neighborhood north of Baghdad. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453486226-ZMIVP9MPJB3DSEYL9205/war-photography-OEF-58-071-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453523382-84HN60VMQ3PCHEZAINEE/war-photography-OEF-58-079-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion Destitute family living in ruins near Sadr City, northwestern Baghdad. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418391762-AXOZ86AV5MSVQQT0I8VA/war-photography-OEF-62-122.jpg Invasion - Untitled A boy with the luxury of a cart gathers and transports fire wood, Diyala Province, Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418580664-FZ1GXTHHKIGFXWTA0VV1/war-photography-OEF-62-135-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Beast of Burden https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550418662191-D4XVSADCDEPPOMJ8FQT7/war-photography-OEF-62-155-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Farm Workers Soldiers in Hummvees pass a truck carrying farm workers on Aziz Balad Street in the Diyala Province, Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550420671006-LW2ARV2FR2MXT8KYKZPQ/war-photography-OEF-65-005-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550423328186-8MYK63S4LCR9VPIODCUZ/war-photography-OEF-86-014-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550420851283-F6K5YKABWXAFNBLZKZFX/war-photography-OEF-65-019-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421220942-5C7I7IU8TUBWN189RVD6/war-photography-OEF-65-040.jpg Invasion - Untitled Children labor to farm the rough land outside the Balad air base. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453207811-JG2XTTMNEEEMRIIVE2M3/war-photography-OEF-58-028-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion Farmers work their field, creating irrigation ditches fed by the Euphrates River. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421167503-FK82RE6CAGK8BISIVDUN/war-photography-OEF-65-021-Edit.jpg Invasion - We Have Pepsi Cola https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421312556-DVSY1P3FFK4UMTGUQIA5/war-photography-OEF-65-049-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Farmer A farmer in a field, Diyala Province, Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550423197624-ND3BCGO1PXZ9ZZKP5928/war-photography-OEF-77-010.jpg Invasion - Watching A young girl observes a column of U.S. Army tanks as they move through the streets of Tikrit. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550435020280-8G19IAL83I3N93OL6TYS/war-photography-OEF-75-008-Edit.jpg Invasion - Tikrit https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550435059560-IDRZTFY6N9DEATVNZWYD/war-photography-OEF-78-039-Edit.jpg Invasion - Tikrit Palace One of them https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384495129-D9YX2M9FICZ7FZPEP97P/war-photography-OEF-32-006-Edit.jpg Invasion - Barracks Inside vacated barracks in the western Iraq desert. A mews for falcons is to the right of the entrance. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384682634-2VQL4JJB668GFH8T0BMN/war-photography-OEF-32-011-Edit.jpg Invasion - Hasty Retreat Iraqis who had occupied this small living area left urgently when news of the invasion reached them. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384769307-DDRWLH7XNF8FHC8PS395/war-photography-OEF-32-012-Edit.jpg Invasion - Unfinished Meal This meal was quickly abandoned with news of the Coalition invasion of Iraq in 2003. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384857267-78QCJSE3UZ5W788YNIFD/war-photography-OEF-32-014-Edit.jpg Invasion - Vacant Locker https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386217706-EC34TW58Q8I89WYGDKJJ/war-photography-OEF-33-006.jpg Invasion - Chair https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386392134-MSGLT3B2SMDY4F25TKOK/war-photography-OEF-33-018-2-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Inside a Republican Guard building in the western desert of Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386287303-ACRLRRJ3HV0OFCZMZIOD/war-photography-OEF-33-009-2-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled The roof of an American Hummvee. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386459032-KDJBGJBMQ0298ZATLTM1/war-photography-OEF-33-022-2-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386877912-1G6UR052JWR2SI68EYS9/war-photography-OEF-58-171-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Blouse A twisted shirt at an air base in Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414294962-7ZM8K9OUM4B78N6GD4LO/war-photography-OEF-58-153-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Writing on the Wall https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414467679-RL6SRE3YFFIEO4U08JVX/war-photography-OEF-58-155-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Iraqi Air Force Office This office was within a secure building on the Balad air base. After being hastily abandoned these offices were searched by U.S. Special Operations personnel for intelligence. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414635017-2MOJDNRDMKRS01KNN8Z9/war-photography-OEF-58-156-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Mayday Instructions found inside an Iraqi air base on how to deploy a parachute from a MiG fighter jet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414763097-G7S01H01YJVSC3JZZUD7/war-photography-OEF-58-159-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Silhouettes Silhouettes of aircraft used by U. S. forces found inside a training center. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550415364646-B5SB7GJ7VYBLSA8RX43Q/war-photography-OEF-58-169-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Disarray Images of Saddam Hussein were ubiquitous in Iraq in 2003. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550415831986-51TNUMII89BK7HM30WIJ/war-photography-OEF-58-178-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Out of Fuel Humor in English painted on the wall of an Iraqi Air Force training room. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416478212-ZU2BCMUECX296BCPPIP0/war-photography-OEF-58-186-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Drop Wing Correction https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550415984173-HHNGLQEYB5L33K15ZCCX/war-photography-OEF-58-183-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Graffiti American GI graffiti, early in the war with optimism about its outcome, surrounds a sketch of an Iraqi soldier trouncing an American flag. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414866880-4KJ9CM1XA608LYGOHD5K/war-photography-OEF-58-161-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Shredded Flag Paintings of falcons shredding the American flag were found commonly in military installations in Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416123370-V8OUYJDDBLASNGJ13VK3/war-photography-OEF-58-185-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Slash An Iraqi soldier, overseen by a falcon, slashes the American flag. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550383102662-MH5T4Y30V48CQPZQ6MQB/war-photography-OEF-30-098.jpg Invasion - Convoy A U. S. Army convoy, with helicopter escort, makes its way north across the desert during the early days of the invasion, March 2003. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421370587-DABQ4HC7UAKZWI72NDQD/war-photography-OEF-66-020-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550381482054-DT3HII6F3YMNWV3XDWJI/war-photography-OEF-30-057.jpg Invasion - Fighting Position Coalition convoys took Highway 1, Iraq’s showcase highway, from Kuwait toward Baghdad for the first few miles during the invasion. However, news that columns were coming under frequent suicide attacks from private trucks laden with explosives forced convoys to dismount during frequent halts. Consequently, in order to keep forward momentum, convoys were rerouted to secondary roads. Here Specialist Brandon Wagner, a U. S. Army medic, assumes a defensive posture. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550381303350-DSO1KG7XROMV7LT5CKT8/war-photography-431-055.jpg Invasion - Bradley Fighting Vehicle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550381991572-ZWCNGG3EI9Z5TVA66BXN/war-photography-OEF-30-079.jpg Invasion - Weapons Cache Iraqi weapons were destroyed by any means necessary, including driving over them with tanks. These rifles were cached at the Imam Ali air base, which is very near to Ur, believed to be the birthplace of Abraham, the patriarch common to all three religions of the region (Islam, Judiasm, Christianity). The air base is 6 km from the Great Ziggurat of Ur, a temple built in the 21st century BC. The area was saturated with Fedayeen Saddam paramilitary fighters, who had ambushed an army unit just 6 days earlier, killing several soldiers and taking several POW’s, including Jessica Lynch. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550383866215-13XIKW528ABD8PWJ0SUY/war-photography-OEF-31-027.jpg Invasion - Lunch The crew of an M1 Abrams tank, positioned near Nasiriyah, takes a break for lunch. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550383717289-CCZU6QUJYRK86RL4TMLH/war-photography-OEF-30-142.jpg Invasion - Barking Orders The commander of a Bradley Fighting Vehicle barks orders at a soldier during a break. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386510505-C76I1HSYQC20V7QPJFLB/war-photography-OEF-35-065.jpg Invasion Sergeant First Class Jeffery Moline at an enemy prisoner of war (EPW) holding area near Nasiriyah, Iraq. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550381795945-9BCE6AI8DCJXITUXOCPX/war-photography-OEF-30-078.jpg Invasion - NVG's A driver’s view through night vision goggles at the vehicle in front. The invasion took place on a new moon in order to reduce visibility and detection. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550419913875-ECD2409TOQ6K7SK63XUP/war-photography-OEF-64-012-Edit.jpg Invasion - Hidden MiG In order to avoid destruction of his Air Force, Saddam ordered that all aircraft be towed off the air bases and parked near private homes, knowing that Coalition Forces would be reticent to risk collateral damage to civilians and private property by destroying the aircraft. The strategy was ineffective, however, since the U.S. possessed precision ordnance that could pinpoint and destroy the cockpit of a MiG without doing much damage beyond the aircraft. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550420221595-SK3NLIJF3M13YZ7LLH7A/war-photography-OEF-64-192-Edit-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled An external 50 caliber machine gun on a MiG fighter jet destroyed by a precision bomb dropped by U.S. aircraft. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550419189870-G8T3QKS7AEIUF34D3SHC/war-photography-OEF-63-023-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Balad Air Base https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550414959259-4RLYA4WRQT417JWZFLEF/war-photography-OEF-58-164-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Bunker This aircraft bunker at Balad air base had housed several MiG aircraft. Plans found at a nearby building indicated that these bunkers had been built by U.S. contractors during the 1980’s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550415165854-3TUG4316POL4LV95IXH2/war-photography-OEF-58-167-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Blast Specialist Christopher Jensen investigates an exhaust passage for jet blast inside an aircraft bunker at Balad air base. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416970818-UDKRB58SHQG035TXV58I/war-photography-OEF-62-005-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - MiG The tail of a MiG fighter jet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550417104780-TU1PC4FPCJGF94QIGD8T/war-photography-OEF-62-006-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Controls Controls inside the fuselage of a MiG fighter jet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416851989-UB8TMZ210HFSLFLVE2B2/war-photography-OEF-59-001-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Republican Guard https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550442515267-IUWUTVOSHJVBD0MDBFKV/war-photography-OEF-36-030-Edit.jpg Invasion - Apache Swarm Apache helicopters, which had been refueling, suddenly take off and head west to protect a lead element of Fifth Special Forces who came under heavy fire as U.S. aircraft and tanks attacked the Medina Division. This photograph was made on the Iraqi side of the Forward Edge of Battle Area (FEBA). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550442645859-4AE8U5GRJ20YW81XWNM7/war-photography-OEF-36-061-Edit.jpg Invasion - Demise of the Medina Division The 934th FST was inserted into the thick of battle when Coalition Forces struck the elite Republican Guard Medina Division. F-15 jets, A-10 jets, Apache helicopters bombarded Soviet T-72 tanks from overhead. U.S. tanks and heavy artillery immediately west of the FST lobbed ordnance overhead to the Soviet T-72 tanks located just to the east. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416906847-CP7HQEBNFN0QBIJRY47Q/war-photography-OEF-60-004-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Runway Precision bombing of runways at intervals prevented Iraqi fighter jets from becoming operational. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416711078-9QBGBWWHLO2EYBN45FSV/war-photography-OEF-58-209-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Incapacitated Iraqi targets were disabled by small ordnance with highly accurate guidance systems dropped by Coalition aircraft. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550441416181-0FRX7I94KKB447H0EBD0/war-photography-OEF-59-011-Edit.jpg Invasion - R&R Several members of the 934th FST build camaraderie and muscles with makeshift weights built from flywheels and rods scavenged from an abandoned factory. Left to right Sergeant Brockert, Lt. Colonel Borrego, Major Florio, Sergeant Nguyen, Major Bass and Lieutenant Beaulieu. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550380220333-GWC6BZI7OPR44VH1B6EV/war-photography-431-050-Edit.jpg Invasion - Blackhawk Tail https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550441225162-G2XJ14SYXOUINC8S5WXM/war-photography-OEF-59-003-Edit.jpg Invasion - Mortar and Rocket Attacks at Balad Air Base The 934th FST came under daily mortar and rocket attack. Soldiers would check their watches at the sound of an explosion since EOD detonated ordnance on the hour and half hour. Explosions at any other time were incoming hostile rounds. When the 934th FST jumped north to Al Sahra air base just outside of Tikrit, it was replaced by another FST which took a direct hit less than a week later. Several soldiers were seriously wounded, including its commander. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550380323711-VZS6N799AMIBKW9M7VW4/war-photography-431-051.jpg Invasion - Assault On the eve of Saddam’s birthday in 2003, insurgents launched a coordinated attack on the 934th FST at the Balad airfield. At the time very few US troops were at the airfield which did not have a perimeter. When the attack started two of the team (of 20) rushed to the perimeter and manned lookout towers while a tank company also rushed over. Apache helicopters, garrisoned on the other side of the airfield, took off and between those assets the insurgents were thwarted with 7 killed. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550384118210-IF7DSP98C41IRJ3ZP9ZQ/war-photography-OEF-31-053.jpg Invasion - Apache Dawn A AH-64 attack Apache helicopter hunts Fedayeen Saddam paramilitary fighters at the perimeter of the 934th Forward Surgical Team’s encampment in the desert west of Nasiriyah. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386758316-3WXSOADD3GJBNBP8FY22/war-photography-OEF-36-064.jpg Invasion - Checkpoint An enemy combatant vehicle stopped near a checkpoint in the Iraqi desert. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550386631940-UF4FWA18HDYMHP5NCBEG/war-photography-OEF-36-036.jpg Invasion - Killed in Action The remains of an enemy combatant who had been blown out of his vehicle. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550428195239-XE88MPGR842IZTIAR2JQ/war-photography-OEF-36-035-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Bodies of Fedayeen Saddam fighters strewn from destroyed vehicles. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550420301934-2D95CUESSF9CGDD3KNCL/war-photography-OEF-64-198-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Debris inside a Republican Guard recreation hall left by Coalition bombing, Al Sahra air base near Tikrit. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550422903241-8ZN577L3HZ05UQNUK0AG/war-photography-OEF-76-013-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Remnants of combat at Al Sahra air base. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550422987845-EP6UEH1HJIPMTY7DRYBM/war-photography-OEF-76-015-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Bomb blast and buildings penetrated by depleted uranium. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550423130549-Y8STF5LYXSNXTLL54HL3/war-photography-OEF-76-025-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550423162150-TOG1IGFJQVO9K9GL4NRS/war-photography-OEF-76-031-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550423062395-DFWFQY9DYTVBZUQB6L6T/war-photography-OEF-76-020-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Sleeping quarters destroyed by bombing. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550422644214-NCLU2EOOLMVI9ERGKUEI/war-photography-OEF-75-017-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Sandstorm A huge sandstorm approaches Al Sahra air base, which would become Forward Operating Base Speicher. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421461895-UDLNGG86VH405AB619XE/war-photography-OEF-68-006-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Fuel Tanks Fuel tanks cached under bleachers in an athletic stadium at Al Sahra air base near Tikrit. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550379858137-SDNPU2LJDSO8ECENHA9M/war-photography-431-037.jpg Invasion - American Flag over Iraqi Desert Contrary to common belief, there was a general order during the Iraq war against raising the American flag on any Iraqi property since this was not an imperial war. Some soldiers chose to ignore the order. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550422329469-QA8LBNB4GP064IRJCV14/war-photography-OEF-72-009-Edit.jpg Invasion - Untitled Memorial service for three members of a Blackhawk helicopter downed near Forward Operating Base Speicher. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550453063849-TTH2X21L2Q623T51ZFYE/war-photography-OEF-57-014-Edit.jpg Invasion Lieutenant Roger Beaulieu returns with an empty truck after trying to retrieve mail for the FST. Since the FST was highly mobile and far forward it did not receive any mail from home for at least 6 weeks, and after that the mail only trickled in. Much of it was lost. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550421570660-C7LDRETGC6DVYOHV6FHL/war-photography-OEF-68-018.jpg Invasion - Fatigue A U.S. Army soldier, exhausted from the heat and months of combat, rests in a Republican Guard building, Al Sahra air base. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550456862636-BZKUO0IWGM2M4W05V9RV/war-photography-OEF-75-014.jpg Invasion - Ice Cream A brave young girl returns alone from a local store with two ice cream cones and a look of disdain in her eye for the invaders. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550415553620-9LHY3DWLKZSOCRIZ34P8/war-photography-OEF-58-175-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Makeshift This room would be converted into a temporary operating room, which was a luxury for the Forward Surgical Team who, until this point, had depended largely on their general purpose tent as an OR. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1550416531371-B46DRXDE4541XSZR2IYZ/war-photography-OEF-58-200-Edit-Edit.jpg Invasion - Kilroy was Here Members of the 934th Forward Surgical Team inspect a building for its potential as an operating theater. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5c314f834ae23783edb34228/5c6a0940652deadf25d3c5ff/1550453056903/ Invasion https://www.934fst.com/blog daily 0.75 2025-11-24 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/11/23/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-capa-capa monthly 0.5 2025-12-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/5ef4ca43-637d-4081-81c2-bec942347dd3/29crop.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/695428a0-69c0-4889-9250-99052cca053c/Face+in+Surf.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/01c7fa1f-a6a4-4150-8b22-cc177e2df622/46_IMG_7605.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out 06:41 June 6, 2025. EV 11.5 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/4e0be424-9dc3-4754-8f97-62bade531d11/32+distances.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out Negative 32 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/a3ae9acb-6610-46f3-8629-c26d91269e3a/hyperfocal.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/12c3ee7d-28c9-4554-afd8-fc1add27776b/Super-XX-data-sheet+partial.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa Crapa? - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/11/13/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-appendix-1-courage-under-fire monthly 0.5 2025-11-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/a76da5b1-710f-4350-a981-84bf181aa54d/robert-capa_infor_d-dagen_andra_varldskriget-k0KrpDHthtnOVC-v-6TmvQ-3571419543.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus - Appendix 1 - Courage Under Fire - Make it stand out Photo by David Scherman for Life magazine https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/4fbfdf03-9dab-4bb5-b4c8-695bcf7cf795/35+wo+rebate.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus - Appendix 1 - Courage Under Fire - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/6/11/proof monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/09e05f63-5360-405e-9c46-c0925d145777/IMG_7646.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – "Proof" - Make it stand out 0740, June 6, 2025 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/9093c025-8447-4c14-92a5-fac7d364f5f1/IMG_7456.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – "Proof" - Make it stand out The sand dune and the “shingle,” which is the band of smooth stones parallel to the bluff. Most of the stones were removed. This small area was the only shelter available to soldiers. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/6/6/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/43f55750-ba45-47f2-9742-27c6df05f271/IMG_7675.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective - Make it stand out My mid-Nineteenth Century farmhouse. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/e1d7e0e6-a34e-4b79-b3fe-df1a1a5e5acc/IMG_7663.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective - Make it stand out US Army Rangers on their morning run on Omaha Beach, June 6, 2025. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/81091c11-ff48-47f7-ab9e-c85bd1778c68/IMG_7641.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective Omaha Beach, Easy Red sector on the right side of the picture. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1738c41e-c324-44b4-858c-8b02ba2fa381/IMG_7556.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/e8156fdd-cb44-4b06-ae26-1e43d9a6ae84/IMG_7546.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective Easy Red sector of Omaha Beach at low tide. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/39cba6c2-4580-4a82-aa1d-ec12645724d4/IMG_7666.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Perspective A personal memorial to one of the fallen. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/29/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-d-day monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1159249a-b66c-4ae3-b4ca-e7fcce9e7eb7/IMG_7607.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – D-Day 2025 - Make it stand out An American soldier stands near the monument in memory of men lost from the First Infantry Division at 0630 on D-Day, 2025. This obelisk sits just above WN62, the German strongpoint that rained death on the men below. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/dacf5413-f6f5-4c1a-9430-37d8dad6e7be/IMG_7552.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – D-Day 2025 Easy Red sector of Omaha Beach, looking west from WN62. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/27c54264-652a-4577-83e7-85089585520e/IMG_7558.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – D-Day 2025 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/3718c80c-4f44-402e-abd7-b046be684b4e/IMG_7598.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – D-Day 2025 American Cemetery at Colleville sur Mer. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/a52c8483-b591-4a9f-99f6-20bb6f2d7b52/IMG_7511.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – D-Day 2025 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/31/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-john-morris monthly 0.5 2025-06-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/cf169d51-07e1-4f46-bac5-e55842de0c46/*022-pcwfXE5zRcQ.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – John Morris - Make it stand out AI-generated image of John Morris https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/31/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-why-me monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/26/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-charles-herrick monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/31/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-start-here monthly 0.5 2026-01-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/404853e5-49b5-47ba-a04c-21e31177563e/37+wo+rebate.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out The Face in the Surf, Robert Capa’s Negative 37 from the Easy Red sector of Omaha Beach on June 6, 1944. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/b0cb519b-43f0-4614-b52d-0495a0b678ec/29crop.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out Robert Capa’s Negative 29, depicting soldiers from the 16th Regimental Combat Team disembarking at Easy Red sector on Omaha Beach, June 6, 1944. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/09729d04-b491-407f-8346-cacdc10c2f7a/kick+off+boat.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out AI-generated image of Robert Capa being kicked off an LCVP. I couldn’t seem to train the software to show an LCVP. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/65ea3ff3-f6cb-40ac-b6d1-b7665c76479b/contact+sheet+w+%23.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out Robert Capa’s surviving pictures from D-Day, June 6, 1944. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/4e0be424-9dc3-4754-8f97-62bade531d11/32+distances.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out Robert Capa’s Negative 32 from Easy Red, June 6, 1944. Using simple trigonometric equations, I was able to calculate distances from Capa’s camera to various objects. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/ac46bcaf-3352-4912-8bbe-4f1feb65d71a/Capa+Map.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out After calculating the distances and angles, I was able to map out Capa’s location as he made negatives 29 through 38, including how he shifted his position as he took the pictures. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/e857065c-b7d8-42f4-938c-c16b3e0e9b2e/_DSC0169-neg+copy+2.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out A negative strip from Kodak-XX (5222) film, immersed in 3.5% saltwater for 20 minutes, then air-dried for 36 hours and developed normally. The images are barely discernible. The negatives have the appearance of “grey mud.” https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/3e91fcb6-b2ca-4b89-aad3-0b8dc5349ef7/Life+inner.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – START HERE - Make it stand out Life magazine, June 19, 1944. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-conclusion monthly 0.5 2025-06-01 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/73505533-a789-427e-89bc-2b92fceef2e1/Capa+portrait.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Conclusion - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-new-theory monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/712893f7-ec86-480e-b82d-741c5e81b8fa/Dennis+Banks+BW.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Loose Ends - Make it stand out AI-generated image of Dennis Banks, the 15-year-old “darkroom lad” who, for the rest of his life, erroneously believed that he had ruined some of the greatest photographs of the Twentieth Century. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/fef73d67-97b3-4182-8ac0-1a29a78da3a0/Banks+old-2.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Loose Ends - Make it stand out AI-generated image of Dennis Banks after learning that he did not ruin some of the greatest photographs of the Twentieth Century. Banks had spent his entire life cleaning toilets in a camera store in the Outer Hebrides, having been banished in shame from London at a young age. Life New York Coleman claims that the Life editors in New York fabricated this story of film ruined by seawater. They even published it in the magazine. It is unlikely that the censors would have seen or withheld this ruined film, and John Morris might have included it with the rest of the shipment just to show the conditions Capa faced that morning. The highly experienced darkroom technicians and editors at Life in New York may have recognized telltale signs of film ruined by seawater. Again, no evil, corporate, profit-driven lying here, just people trying to do their best under trying circumstances. Censors One aspect of my interpretation of the events surrounding the handling of Capa’s film relates to censorship. Morris and Capa omitted this aspect of the story, which effectively only had the effect of delaying film processing and withholding some images. This is complicated and would be a diversion at this point, so I will address it in a later blog post. In addition to the roll with the surviving images, and the ruined roll, Morris claimed there were two other ruined rolls that he threw away. If so, these probably were the two extra unexposed rolls Capa carried in his camera bag that morning that also were exposed to seawater. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-back-to-the-future monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/0f323fa1-3aa0-4218-a97d-3bd11397fe38/Kodak+Super+XX.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Alchemy - Make it stand out Kodak Super-XX 35mm film. This is the film Capa used on D-Day. Kodak discontinued this film in 1958. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/2b5f0dd5-fdf9-43bd-9df8-07e32945b531/_DSC0169-neg+copy.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Alchemy - Make it stand out Negatives from the first test roll, Kodak 5222 XX film respooled by CineStill, Inc. The cannister was submerged in 3.5% saltwater for 20 minutes and then placed on its end opposite the nipple for 36 hours at room temperature to dry. Normal processing in CineStill Df96. The uneven effect of saltwater exposure had the least effect in the later frames, which were closest to the spool. Also, when drying it rested on the end opposite the nipple, which would be the bottom of these frames. This indicates that the modern cannister was tight enough to prevent complete saltwater intrusion after 20 minutes. The fogging effect of 20 minutes exposure to saltwater appears overexposed and results in a "grey mud" appearance, exactly as described by John Morris. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/36b8e21c-96fd-4abd-80e1-ef5744b73f75/_DSC0177-Neg.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Alchemy - Make it stand out Contact sheet of film submerged for four hours in saltwater. Most of the exposed silver ions in the emulsion were bleached out by prolonged exposure to saltwater prior to developing, resulting in negatives that appear underexposed. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-the-darkroom-mishap monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/ab6fa239-b614-4952-a8ea-5c31036405ec/Dennis+Banks+filmm.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – The Darkroom Mishap - Make it stand out AI-generated image of Dennis Banks trying to understand how Robert Capa’s film was ruined right after Hans Wild said it was fabulous. That sick moment when he realized he had messed up, big time! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/54d02683-653c-490f-99d0-b46c289efa76/John+Morris.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – The Darkroom Mishap - Make it stand out AI-generated image of John Morris examining the only useable images on one roll of Robert Capa’s film from Omaha Beach. Anxious Life magazine employees surround him. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/28/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-depth-charge monthly 0.5 2025-11-18 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/11ec8d85-1157-4c56-9564-8cb79490934c/Landing+Diagram.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Depth Charge - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/e5202ba4-5031-4483-8483-f22995bc0d90/Sargent+Jaws+of+Death.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Depth Charge - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/0bccbefd-7e4a-4402-8f91-900d1417424d/speedmatic.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Depth Charge - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/da7babc4-0907-4051-9f80-69d3e4758991/35+wo+rebate.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Depth Charge - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/2fba5212-8b90-4e43-b7c8-b753f3182260/Kays+Capa+Chase.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Depth Charge - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-contax-catastrophe monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/36f85df1-f7b9-454e-af69-264461769896/COntax+ii.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Contax Catastrophe - Make it stand out Contax II camera with 50mm Zeiss Sonnar f/2 lens. Capa probably used a 50mm lens on D-Day, his standard lens, but it is not known if he used the f/2 lens or the f/1.5 lens. Note that this is a rangefinder camera. The viewfinder is separate from the optical axis of the lens, unlike in a modern single lens reflex camera, or a mirrorless camera with an EVF (electronic viewfinder). The view is the same regardless of which lens is attached. This becomes important in a later post. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/40f0c2dc-4d89-43fd-a0f9-71d265ef016d/Capa+scared+best.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Contax Catastrophe - Make it stand out AI-generated image of Robert Capa on Omaha Beach the moment that he experienced his panic attack. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/d5bb067b-afa5-4dc8-a280-732504706777/LCI-94.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Contax Catastrophe - Make it stand out LCI(L)-94 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/883b8f85-dc43-4889-bd50-7ec0bd0210b7/Capa+camera+overhead+jp.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Contax Catastrophe - Make it stand out AI generated image of Capa wading out to LCI(L)-94 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/26/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-foggy-waves-of-regiments monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/cf97aba5-6bb4-4e64-8e7b-6ff865371bdf/3416-pic-3-3727745248.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Foggy Waves of Regiments - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/b06570f9-778b-493b-8a82-db177dafc23b/Screenshot+2025-05-26+at+2.56.06%E2%80%AFPM.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Foggy Waves of Regiments - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-capas-next-jump monthly 0.5 2025-05-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/0df5f1ec-18e3-4d2b-a1a5-69f61bb5ba8a/graves+Omaha.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa's Next Jump - Make it stand out Temporary graves at Omaha Beach. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/4a144dbb-21e6-46f9-b3df-e595594c5bad/dead+on+beach.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa's Next Jump - Make it stand out Robert Capa’s photograph of French fishermen looking at dead American soldiers on the beach at Normandy. Capa took this picture when he returned from England after delivering his D-Day film. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/f858ec69-ab4e-4bb4-8184-4fd78bb9c54f/Gelhorn+dead.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa's Next Jump - Make it stand out Dead soldiers being identified and sorted at Omaha Beach. Photograph by Martha Gelhorn. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/50e76996-86a4-489d-8693-339c26c496e9/GelhornMartha-1706562259.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa's Next Jump - Make it stand out Martha Gelhorn, married to Ernest Hemmingway, was the only female correspondent to cover the D-Day invasion, much to the chagrin of her husband. She defied direct orders and hid in the bathroom of a hospital ship to get to the beaches. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/c6070c6f-54c9-45ba-b80e-d7c97b38e7cc/Taylor+Geo.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Capa's Next Jump - Make it stand out George A. Taylor, Commander of the 16th Regimental Combat Team of the First Infantry Division (Big Red One). https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/f1a6da01-658f-4c5e-9b19-64a435af02ff/Capa+Ruley.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Survival Mode - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/bf9960c3-9742-430f-bc88-04dd8ab66e97/35+wo+rebate.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Survival Mode - Make it stand out Negative 35, cropped version of Figure 2. Note the orientation of the landing craft in the background. They are lined up perpendicular to the shore, but seen broadside here. Capa’s camera was pointed in a northeast direction in this picture. These men are facing the southwest, behind Hedgehog C. Directly ahead of them, on the west side of the beach, is the location witnesses report as the source of machine gun fire that had them pinned down. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/56daacf4-c369-46d7-8203-8403b42f6bc2/WN62+%26+Capa+BW.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Survival Mode - Make it stand out Capa’s location on Easy Red, and the two hedgehogs in Negative 35 with landing craft to the northeast. The darker grey represents the field of view of Capa’s Contax. The largest weapon in WN62 was a 50mm antitank weapon. Eyewitnesses say the area was being sprayed with machine gun fire from their right (MG). The men behind the obstacles are oriented for protection from the machine gun, not from WN62. (Not to scale) https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/24/robert-capa-focus-memorial-day monthly 0.5 2025-05-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1337c152-ffb9-42c6-8165-07a97eba1d6f/Capa+young+portrait.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus – Memorial Day Weekend - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/665585e5-e450-4097-be9e-bbc1c2756a38/Gerda3.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus – Memorial Day Weekend - Make it stand out Gerda Tarot https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-involuntary-service monthly 0.5 2025-05-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/10facf69-5fdf-4531-9b06-c03fce664bd5/contact+sheet+w+%23.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Involuntary Service - Make it stand out Virtual contact sheet constructed from Robert Capa’s surviving negatives on D-Day. Negative 37 has been missing since 1944. Negative 37 is presumed to be the Face in the Surf image. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/c2313238-a5d0-4182-8f18-418dfe347b85/37+wo+rebate.jpeg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Involuntary Service - Make it stand out Negative 37. The identity of this soldier is controversial, as well. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1efe200d-4e4f-4a6a-934a-b72e4d73c497/Capa+Map.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Involuntary Service - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/23/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-bonus-post monthly 0.5 2025-11-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/38a70d6d-f856-42c3-a95d-1843b7740f49/37+on+35+grain.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Bonus Post - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/9b5f023b-fe15-46a0-b7d2-ddfe269e94e5/37+on+35+mag.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Bonus Post - Make it stand out Magnified view on Negative 37 (left) on Negative 35. I think the grain size matches, you may disagree. If so, let me know in the comments. I realize that these are pixelated versions of a print and a negative snatched from the internet, but it’s all I had to work with. [Ed. Note: added 11/27/2025] Lately, I’ve been asking AI to help me with this project, not only to answer new questions, but to confirm my prior conclusions. I’m not used to doing things this way, because in medicine, once a paper is published, you can’t go back and add to it, or change anything. But this is the nature of a blog. Anyway, tonight I asked Grok AI to compare the grain size in negative 37 to the other extant nine negatives, to determine the amount the frame was cropped for printing. Bottom line, it concluded the exact amount that I determined. It outlined its method: “Scale Negative 37 layer-by-layer until the random grain clumps (salt-and-pepper texture from the high-speed film) align pixel-for-pixel, indicating equivalent enlargement.” This is exactly what I did, only Grok had the advantage of being able to measure the pixels. I just did it “by eye.” So, there’s some independent confirmation that this negative was cropped in half, to equal the field of view of a 100mm lens. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-the-plan monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/90c2d94a-0226-4322-8de5-a1107c5ea64d/Neg+29.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – The Plan - Make it stand out Figure 5, Negative 29. Robert Capa’s first surviving photograph from D-Day, using a Contax II camera and 50mm Zeiss lens. Capa shot this picture from the ramp of the LCVP that he rode in on. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/f5d087fb-6df8-4b34-8d1a-1294f0e524ac/single-oilskin-bag-isolated-white-background_941600-230371-3861944911.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – The Plan - Make it stand out Waterproof oilskin camera bag from the 1940’s. https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/60vla8ud04lztx4z1zebsv9v2ne3m5 monthly 0.5 2025-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/eefb8394-bc4c-488d-b4ea-8d798be20903/Capa+on+boat.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Robert Capa on board a transport (not D-Day). Photographer unknown. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/975b25de-46af-44d9-8f20-32b852ab0143/32+distances.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Figure 1a, Negative 32. This picture (along with negatives 30, 31 & 33, were taken from the ramp of the LCVP that Capa took from the USS Chase to Easy Red on Omaha Beach. Trigonometry was used to determine distances from Capa’s camera to men and objects. This forms the basis by which their relative locations and Capa’s movements were determined. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/26c71147-ff2e-4ff3-a666-dedede21bead/33.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Figure 1b. Negative 33. The two hedgehogs are seen as well as the wooden ramp https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/70211526-c198-4160-9314-984ff5515327/35.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Figure 2, Negative 35 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/14f3887b-850f-4a43-81e3-c51e82928723/37%3F.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Figure 3, Negative 37. The distance to this soldier is not as precise as other distances calculated because this is a cropped image. The upper and right rebates (frame lines) were created by Tristan daCunha. This means that the actual distance to this soldier from Capa is probably greater than 13 feet, because I do not know the vertical height in pixels from frame edge to frame edge. What you see as frame edges were imagined and created by Tristan daCunha in his excellent analysis that examined whether or not heat can cause emulsion to run.*** The important part of this image, however, is the presence of the two hedgehogs in the background, and the wood ramp. These appear to be the same hedgehogs and ramp that are seen in Capa’s negatives 30 through 33 (Figure 1a & 1b). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/7e96a093-818f-4445-9cce-bf56a10f88ab/Capa+Map.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus – Method - Make it stand out Figure 4 https://www.934fst.com/blog/2025/5/20/robert-capa-focus-hocus-pocus-introduction monthly 0.5 2025-12-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/09be54aa-d36d-47f1-8d47-db4a79f88f2f/Robert-Capa-4091790878.jpg Blog - Robert Capa Focus Hocus-Pocus - Introduction - Make it stand out Robert Capa, photographer and location unknown. https://www.934fst.com/blog/category/D-Day monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/category/Robert+Capa monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/category/Omaha+Beach monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/category/Photojournalism monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/category/World+War+II monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/worldwarii monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/waves monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/darkroom monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/amphibiousassault monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/d-day monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/contaxii monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/omahabeach monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/fogofwar monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/photojournalism monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/allancoleman monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/robert+capa monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/world+war+ii monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/analog monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/robertcapa monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/darkroommishap monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/charles+herrick monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/Omaha+Beach monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/dday monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/johnmorris monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/zeisslens monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/dennisbanks monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/Normandy monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/memorialday monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/blog/tag/kodak monthly 0.5 https://www.934fst.com/refugee-physicians daily 0.75 2019-06-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492356948-UMMWEDIUCZFHJIFOS37V/M10P1522-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Study Group Refugee physicians meet every week with Dr. Scott Smith, their mentor, to study for the US Medical Licensing Examinations. At the end of every session they take a 30 question mock exam and typically score in the 90th percentile, much better than their American counterparts at the 70th percentile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492356948-UMMWEDIUCZFHJIFOS37V/M10P1522-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Study Group Refugee physicians meet every week with Dr. Scott Smith, their mentor, to study for the US Medical Licensing Examinations. 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Ziad Alsaifi and Sally Nassar describe harrowing experiences in post-invasion Iraq. As Mandaeans, they faced persecution from Muslims, which included a narrow escape from assassination. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492257264-ZCPA4UNPFY7N9AOYIFTA/L1010888-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Invention Dr. Alsaifi describes his invention to allow safer and better ear examinations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492275681-YJV7MCQCEU7F5J9JGPXU/L1010894-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492429902-9DT3GC9I8X912R8UIXGR/M10P1781-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Coaching Dr. Salwan Swidan and Dhuha Ali prepare their son, Bekir, for his History Day presentation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492420262-HLA5U80HKF1N1QF4ULZ4/M10P1733-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492178684-218S1LEXZPBTDJGM4PN3/L1002721-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Award Bekir won Second Place in the regional History Day competition. His project was the history of the space exploration and the story of the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492252387-WIR83EHIKVRUP7UFBEEJ/L1010756-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians - Coach Dr. Salwan Swidan coaches daughter, Deema’s, soccer team. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492222761-ATA5EE3RW4YMLULEQ400/L1010699-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492232674-KCQIWC2JJ6NO4LY7ONR6/L1010723-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1559492324471-BXQZQYSFUGESTX2WNOYC/L1010971-Edit.jpg Refugee Physicians Deema hugs her father, fatigued after studying continuously for 3 hours without a break. Salwan works all day and studies long hours at night and on weekends. 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Emergency rooms were filled with inpatients. Heart attack and stroke victims stacked up on gurneys in the hallways. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434021339-7NFV6H0G14MSY7Z0GITW/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Fatigued from working extra shifts, St. Alphonsus Emergency Department Physician's Assistant Jared O'Conner wearily dictates the medical record of a patient recently seen. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434053749-8W0AXPCCYWYL8D8L5IIX/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Fatigued from the extra workload, Christa Botros, who works as a scribe in the St. Alphonsus Emergency Department while studying health sciences at the College of Western Idaho, enters patient data into the electronic medical record system. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434093300-4F4W44K9JK3WAM6WA8TU/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Dr. Carolyn McFarlane, Medical Director for the Hospitalist Service at St. Alphonsus Regional Medical Center, emotionally recounts memories of several preventable deaths in young, healthy people with COVID-19 over the past few weeks. She said her frustration was that these deaths, which often left behind families with small children, were almost all in non-vaccinated patients. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434128709-VB5P4O6Q3R1GJYO22CF5/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Dr. Meghan McInerney, Director of the ICU at St. Alphonsus Regional Medical Center, learns of yet another COVID-19 patient whose condition is deteriorating and will require intubation. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434167586-V5ZH35JQ5VTJ5QP7NTVY/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care A young man afflicted with COVID-19 in the ICU at St. Alphonsus Regional Medical Center talks with his family via an iPad one last time as health care workers prepare to intubate him. The window slats remain open for observation. His deteriorating vital signs and other parameters meant it was time to place him on a ventilator, news of which cast a pall of despair among those caring for him. Only half of intubated COVID-19 patients leave the hospital alive. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434198409-R4T5NEHQ07PD0IFHXQRI/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Dr. Meghan McInerney, Director of the ICU at St. Alphonsus Regional Medical Center, and Devan Hromcik, RN, embrace out of mutual respect and support outside of the room of a COVID-19 patient. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. ©2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434268123-04Q18FZDMIRYG4BQGK8K/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care Physicians and other medical personnel work to remove the endotracheal (breathing) tube and insert a permanent tracheostomy in a COVID-19 patient who survived the acute illness but whose lungs were so badly damaged by the illness that he cannot live without a ventilator. This was done in preparation for transfer to a Long Term Acute Care Hospital (LTAC), where he is expected to die. September 16, 2021. Boise, Idaho, USA. © 2021 Timothy Floyd https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c2ea4261137a659223645d8/1639434296433-3ET9NHSRUU7FSCW9CSFH/image-asset.jpeg Moral Injury in Crisis Standards of Care A random, rotating staff announcement, that blocks out patient information as required by HIPPA, lands on the home screen of a monitor in the ICU of St. Alphonsus Regional Medical Center in Boise, Idaho during the height of the Delta wave of COVID-19. September 16, 2021. 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